Izimiso ezimbalwa zezikena zekhodi yebha ezivamile

Izimiso ezimbalwa zezikena zekhodi yebha evamile

Imvamisa lapho sithenga izinto esitolo futhi sikhokha isikweletu, inani eliskenwa umthengisi yisithwebuli sebhakhodi. Isikena sikhanyisa ibhakhodi ngomthombo waso wokukhanya, bese sisebenzisa isiguquli se-photoelectric ukuze samukele ukukhanya okubonisiwe futhi siguqule ukukhanya kokukhanya okubonisiwe kube isignali yedijithali. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yimiphi imithetho eyamukelwayo, ibhakhodi yakhiwe ngendawo emile, uhlamvu lokuqala, uhlamvu lwedatha kanye nohlamvu lokugcina. Amanye amabhakhodi anezinhlamvu zokuhlola phakathi kwezinhlamvu zedatha nezinhlamvu zokunqamula.

▲ indawo emile: indawo emile ibizwa nangokuthi indawo engenalutho, ehlukaniswe yaba indawo engenalutho kwesokunxele nendawo engenalutho kwesokudla. Indawo engakwesobunxele engenalutho iwukulungiselela okokusebenza kokuskena ukuze kuskenwe, futhi indawo engakwesokudla engenalutho wuphawu lokugcina ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi okokusebenza kokuskena kungakwazi ukubona kahle ibhakhodi.

Ukuze kuvinjwe izindawo ezingenalutho kwesokunxele nakwesokudla (i-static izindawo) ekubeni matasa ngokungazi ngesikhathi sokunyathelisa nokuhlela, uphawu lungangezwa endaweni engenalutho (phrinta <; Cha. uma ingekho inombolo kwesokunxele kanye >; Cha. uma ingekho inombolo kwesokudla). Lolu phawu lubizwa ngokuthi uphawu lwendawo emile. Umsebenzi oyinhloko ukuvimbela ububanzi obanele bendawo emile. Uma nje ububanzi bendawo emile bungaqinisekiswa, ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kwalolu phawu angeke kuthinte ukukhonjwa kwekhodi yebha.

▲ uhlamvu lokuqala: uhlamvu lokuqala olunesakhiwo esikhethekile. Uma isithwebuli sifunda lolu hlamvu, siqala ukufunda ikhodi ngokusemthethweni.

▲ uhlamvu lwedatha: okuqukethwe okuyinhloko kwebhakhodi.

▲ hlola uhlamvu: hlola ukuthi idatha efundiwe ilungile yini. Imithetho ehlukene yokufaka amakhodi ingase ibe nemithetho ehlukene yokuqinisekisa.

▲ uhlamvu lokunqamula: uhlamvu lokugcina, olunesakhiwo esikhethekile, lusetshenziselwa ukwazisa ikhodi ukuthi ukuskena kuqediwe, futhi ludlala indima yokubala kokuqinisekisa. .

Ukuze kube lula ukuskena okukabili, izinhlamvu zokuqala neziphetho zinesakhiwo esingalingani. Ngakho-ke, isithwebuli singahlela kabusha imininingwane yebhakhodi ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho siskena. Kunezinhlobo ezine ze-izikena zekhodi yebha: ipeni elikhanyayo, i-CCD, i-laser kanye nesithombe

▲ ipeni lokukhanya: indlela yokuqala yokuskena idinga ukunyakaza ngesandla kwepeni lokukhanya kanye nokuxhumana nebha. ikhodi.

▲CCD: iskena esine-CCD njengesiguquli sezithombe zikagesi futhi siholwa njengomthombo wokukhanya okhanyayo. Phakathi kwebanga elithile, ukuskena okuzenzakalelayo kungenziwa. Ingakwazi futhi ukufunda amabha amakhodi ezintweni ezahlukahlukene kanye nezindawo ezingalingani, futhi izindleko ziphansi. Nokho, uma kuqhathaniswa nohlobo lwe-laser, ibanga lokuskena lifushane.

▲ laser: isithwebuli esine-laser njengomthombo okhanyayo. Ingahlukaniswa ngohlobo lomugqa, i-angle egcwele nokunye.